Josiah Warren (1798 – 1874) “try an american utopian socialist, individualist philosopher, polymath, personal reformer, inventor, singer, printer ink and you can creator. He or she is regarded as of the some as basic Western anarchist (even when Warren never used the identity anarchism themselves) plus the four-webpage each week report he modified during the 1833, New Quiet Revolutionist, the first anarchist periodical had written, is an enterprise for which he based his personal printing press, cast his or her own form of, making their own print dishes.”
Lysander Spooner
Lysander Spooner (1808 – 1887) “are an american individualist anarchist. He had been plus a keen abolitionist, entrepreneur, essayist, courtroom theorist, pamphletist, governmental philosopher, Unitarian, copywriter and you can a person in the original International. Spooner try an effective advocate of your own labor way and you will anti-authoritarian and you may individualist anarchist within his political opinions. His economic and political ideology has always started defined as libertarian socialism and you will mutualism. Their site triggered the development of each other left-libertarian and you may right-libertarian political theory inside libertarianism in the usa. Spooner’s blogs are the abolitionist guide The fresh new Unconstitutionality away from Slavery and you will Zero Treason: The new Structure from Zero Expert, and this compared treason costs against secessionists. Spooner is additionally recognized for contending on the Post-office with his Western Page Post Business. However, it was closed once courtroom difficulties with the government.”
Benjamin Tucker
Benjamin Ricketson Tucker (1854 – 1939) “was a western anarchist and you can libertarian socialist. A nineteenth-millennium proponent away from individualist anarchism which he called “unterrified Jeffersonianism”, Tucker was the newest publisher and you may journalist of one’s Western individualist anarchist periodical Independence (1881–1908) plus a member of the fresh http://datingranking.net/local-hookup/windsor new socialist First Global. Tucker harshly compared condition socialism and you will is actually a promoter out of libertarian socialism that he called anarchist otherwise anarchistic socialism plus good follower away from mutualism. The guy linked the classical economics out of Adam Smith plus the Ricardian socialists apart from that off Josiah Warren, Karl Marx and Pierre-Joseph Proudhon to help you socialism. Later on inside the lives, Tucker converted to Maximum Stirner’s egoism.”
Adin Ballou
Adin Ballou (1803 – 1890) “are a western proponent out-of Religious nonresistance, Christian anarchism and socialism, abolitionism, while the inventor of one’s Hopedale Neighborhood. Because of their long occupation due to the fact a good Universalist and you may Unitarian minister, he tirelessly advocated on the instantaneous abolition of thraldom, the rules out-of Religious anarcho-socialism, and you will promoted the nonviolent theory out of praxis (or ethical suasion) in his respected web log. Instance website drew the new admiration from Leo Tolstoy, exactly who apparently cited Ballou as a major effect on his theological and you will governmental ideology within his low-fiction texts like the Kingdom of Jesus is in Your, and additionally supporting Russian translations of a few off Ballou’s work. Including greatly encouraging Tolstoy, Ballou’s Christian anarchist and you will nonresistance ideals in the texts instance Fundamental Christianity was basically passed down off Tolstoy to Mahatma Gandhi, contributing not only to the latest nonviolent opposition way regarding Russian Revolution provided by Tolstoyans, plus Gandhi’s very early thinkings for the nonviolent principle away from praxis and development of his first ashram, the latest Tolstoy Farm. During the a recently available book, American philosopher and anarchist Crispin Sartwell wrote the functions by Ballou and his other Christian anarchist contemporaries instance William Lloyd Garrison personally influenced Gandhi and you will Martin Luther King Jr., also.”
John Humphrey Noyes
John Humphrey Noyes (1811 – 1886) “is actually a western preacher, major religious philosopher, and utopian socialist. The guy mainly based the brand new Putney, Oneida and you may Wallingford Groups, that’s paid having coining the expression ‘cutting-edge marriage’.”
Voltairine de- Cleyre
Voltairine de Cleyre (1866 – 1912) “is actually a western anarchist known for becoming a respected blogger and audio speaker just who opposed capitalism, wedding in addition to county plus the domination off faith more than sex and you may ladies’ lifestyle and that she saw since all of the interrelated. The woman is commonly characterized due to the fact a primary very early feminist due to the woman opinions. Created and you can raised in the short towns inside Michigan and you will schooled inside an excellent Sarnia, Ontario, Catholic convent, de Cleyre began the girl activist job on the freethought way. Even if she was initially keen on individualist anarchism, de Cleyre evolved due to mutualism about what she called anarchism instead adjectives, prioritizing a beneficial stateless community without the use of violence or coercion above all else. A lot of de Cleyre’s essays had been gathered on Chose Really works away from Voltairine de Cleyre, published posthumously of the Goldman’s journal Mother earth inside 1914.”